Borgward is an automobile manufacturer originally started by Carl F. W. Borgward. The original company, based in Bremen throughout Germany, ceased operations in the 1960s. The Borgward group developed four brands of cars and trucks: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd.The marque has given that been revived by Carl Borgward's grand son, Christian Borgward, together with his associate Karlheinz L. Knöss, with assistance from Oriental investment, and unveiled the company's first new car throughout over 40 years, the BX7 at the actual 2015 International Motor Present.The origins of Bremen's most significant auto-business get back to 1905 with the business in nearby Varel on the "Hansa Automobilgesellschaft" and the foundation in Bremen itself involving "Namag", maker of the Lloyd automobile. These two businesses merged in 1914 to form the "Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A. G. ". After the war, in the troubled financial status then confronting Germany, the business failed to prosper and through the late 1920s faced chapter 7. For Carl Borgward, already the successful creator with the Goliath-Blitzkarren business, the misfortunes of Hansa-Lloyd presented a chance greatly to expand the particular scope of his car business, and he took control from it.
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The very first "automobile" Carl Borgward developed was the 1924 Blitzkarren (turbo cart), a sort of teeny three-wheeled van with a couple of hp (1. 5 kW), which was an enormous success on the market gap it filled. Traders with a small budget got it for delivery. The Reichspost ordered most of them for postal service.In 1929, Borgward became the overseer of Hansa Lloyd AG having had time to merge his "Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. " with "Hansa-Lloyd. The small Goliath-Blitzkarren had chances are evolved into the nonetheless three wheeler timber framed synthetic leather bodied 5 or perhaps 7 hp Goliath Master. Borgward turned his attention to the other businesses and also led the development of the Hansa Konsul. In February 1937, there came the completely new Hansa Borgward 2000 along with in 1939 the label was shortened to Borgward 2000. The 2000 model was then the Borgward 2300that remained in production until 1942.After World War II, in 1946 Carl Borgward used a lot of the brand names from firms he had acquired in recent times to found three independent companies: Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd. This was intended to increase the quality of steel allocated to his business at any given time of austerity and rationing. For many purposes the companies would be run to be a single entity, but in a business operated by way of a man to whom delegation did not come naturally the proliferation of legal entities on the other hand added unhelpful layers of complexity throughout the 1950s and encouraged a broadening with the range which eventually proved financially unsustainable with the sales volumes achievable. In 1949 company offered the Borgward Hansa 1500.One of the top engineers at Borgward coming from 1938-1952 was Dipl. Ing. Hubert M. Meingast.Production of the Borgward Isabella began in 1954. The Isabella would become Borgward's most in-demand model and remained in production for the life of the company. In 1960 the Borgward P100 was introduced, equipped with pneumatic suspension.Borgward introduced a distinct 1500 cc sports racers in the late 1950s, with the 16-valve engine from these becoming a successful Formula Two power unit (that has been also used by some F1 privateers in 1961).Although Borgward pioneered technical novelties from the German market such seeing that air suspension and automatic transmission, the company had trouble competing available. While larger companies just like Opel and VW took advantage of economies of scale and also kept their prices low to get market share, Borgward's cost structure was even higher than necessary for its dimension, as it basically operated as four tiny independent companies and do not implemented such basic charge reduction strategies as mutual development and parts sharing between your company's makes. Borgward suffered quality problems at the same time. The Lloyd Arabella was technically advanced as being a water-cooled boxer with front wheel drive, but plagued with problems like water leakage and gearbox snags. Lloyd lost money on the car just about the most was more expensive compared to its direct competitors.In 1961, the company was forced into liquidation by loan companies. Carl Borgward died inside July 1963, still insisting the company have been technically solvent. This proved to be true from the sense that after the creditors were paid fully, there was still 5. 5 million Marks left over from the business.
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Studies of difficulties at Borgward surfaced within an article that appeared throughout Germany's leading news publication, “Der Spiegel” on fourteen December 1960”. The very long, detailed, and in places repetitive Spiegel article was highlighted by means of a picture of Borgward, cigar in mouth, on the magazine’s the front cover. It was strongly important of Carl Borgward's company approach, and included many in the arguments later advanced to explain or justify the company's demise. The widest range of cars from any company in Germany, produced by three right up until recently operationally autonomous companies (Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd) was supporting a turnover connected with only 650 million Represents, placing the overall sales value in the combined Borgward auto organizations only in fifth position among Germany's auto-makers. The 70-year-old Carl Borgward's "hands-on" insistence while on an increasingly manic proliferation involving new and modified models featuring adventurous, but under-developed technological inventions ("fast manisch[e] Konstruierwut") offered rise to components which excessively did not work, broke down or fell apart, resulting in massive expenses for pre-delivery remediation and/or publish delivery warranty work that found their long ago to the company.The December 1960 Spiegel article was not the only serious community criticism targeting Borgward at this time: suddenly stridently negative (in case more succinct) comments also resulted in in the influential mass-market Bild magazine and in television stories. Critical media commentaries in addition appeared concerning large loans to the Borgward Group provided from the local Landesbank.It is apparent the business was confronting cash-flow difficulties towards the end of 1960. Capital intensive businesses such as auto manufacturing use the expensive machines and tools most efficiently whenever they use them constantly in full capacity, but the car market in Europe inside 1950s/60s was more temporary than today, with sales diminishing with Winter, then peaking in their early summer months: Borgward’s inventory of unsold cars right at the end of 1960 was beyond usual, reflecting ambitious growth programs, most obviously in respect of the united states market[11] The December 1960 Spiegel article speculated that from the 15, 000 Borgward cars ordered from the North American dealers inside 1960 (and in the 12, 000 delivered to these people) 6, 000 might have to be taken back following a slump in Us demand. (Borgward was not the sole European auto maker hit with a North American slump widely used for imported cars while in 1960. In the same 12 months two ships carrying Renault Dauphines were turned back mid-Atlantic because the docks in Nyc were overcrowded with unsold Dauphines.
2016 Borgward BX7
Towards the end of December 1960 Borgward approached the lending company for a further 1 million Marks of credit ratings, the loan to be backed by the guarantee from the Bremen regional government which initially the Bremen senators decided to provide. However, following the flood of critical press comment the senators withdrew their guarantee. They now required Carl Borgward to pledge the company itself to the state in return for the guarantee. After a tense 13-hour meeting widely reported within a still hostile media, Borgward agreed to the actual senate’s terms on several February 1961, thereby averting the bankruptcy on the business.The Bremen Senate furthermore insisted on appointing its own nominee as chairman in the company’s supervisory board. The man they select was Johannes Semler which reports generally describe like a “Wirtschaftsprüfer” (public auditor), though this designation, especially once translated in to English, does less than full justice towards breadth of Semler’s occupation. He had studied rules at university and worked initially being a lawyer. The scion of a number one Hamburg political family, in 1945 he acquired himself been a founding member of the centre-right CSU celebration, and was a person in the Bundestag between 1950 along with 1953. Despite his Hamburg beginning, Semler was by on this occasion based in Munich, with a network of contacts from the Bavarian establishment that most likely included fellow CSU politician and also the future German chancellor, Ludwig Erhard, who in 1948 had succeeded Semler in a very top administrative position from the Bizone. The appointment of Johannes Semler for the reason that representative of the Bremen senators to be able to chair the Borgward supervisory mother board would, in retrospect, contribute to the hot debate that followed the Borgward a bankruptcy proceeding.
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On 28 July 1961 Semler, as Chairman of the actual supervisory board joined the directors on the three companies Borgward, Goliath and Lloyd to instigate proceedings with the establishment of a “Vergleichsverfahren”, which would have provided for a court sanctioned scheme of arrangement enabling this company to continue to trade while as well protecting the interests regarding creditors. [16] Two months later, however, in September 1961, the Borgward and Goliath firms were declared bankrupt, followed in November with the Lloyd business. Subsequent “conspiracy theorists” possess suggested that Semler, for reasons of his own, never had any intent of allowing the Borgward auto-businesses in order to survive.
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